by StarsApart
Eastern Philosophies, such as Buddhism, Taoism, and Hinduism, have much to offer the West, even though their way of perceiving the world and the Universe differs greatly from Western thought and approach. Western thought is characterized by dualism and dichotomies, while Eastern thought is based on the principle of oneness.
Western Philosophy has its roots in the Greeks, particularly Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Socrates, who claimed not to know anything, constantly asked questions to seek truth. His student Plato documented Socrates’ ideas and developed his own philosophical beliefs. Plato believed that knowledge resided within one’s own being, or soul. His ideas about morality and knowledge have had lasting impacts on Western thought.
Existentialism, another Western school of thought, arose in response to the horrors of World War II and the Holocaust. It posits that life is essentially meaningless, and individuals must create their own meaning; that humans are mortal and driven by the awareness of their own mortality; and that individuals are essentially alone in the world. Existentialism is the antithesis of Plato’s Essentialism.
Eastern Philosophies, however, provide a different perspective compared to Western Philosophy and Existentialism. With their origins in Buddhism, Taoism, and Hinduism, Eastern Philosophies emphasize the principle of oneness. They posit that everything is connected and that there is no separate God from human or animal existence. Instead, individuals are part of a cosmic whole.
A common theme in Eastern Philosophies, alongside the concept of oneness, is the idea of energy. Taoists call it chi, while Hindus believe in chakras as powerful energy centers within the body. This concept aligns well with Western scientific thought, as energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed.
Eastern and Western philosophies also differ in their views on human imperfections and free will. While both traditions acknowledge human flaws, Eastern philosophies see some imperfections as both assets and liabilities, depending on how they are addressed and utilized in one’s daily life. Eastern thought also challenges the Western belief in free will, suggesting instead that there is only the Universal Will, as the ego creates a division between the self and the Universe, Tao, or Big Mind.
In summary, Eastern thought and philosophy are dramatically different from Western thought, which is dominated by dualism and dichotomies. Eastern philosophies adhere to the principle of Cosmic Oneness, drawing on religious and spiritual traditions such as Taoism, Buddhism, and Hinduism. They emphasize the interconnectedness of all things and challenge the Western notion of individualism and separateness from the divine.
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