by Manuel Marino | Philosophy
Numerous books have been published to help people learn about historical philosophies, which serve as a crucial foundation for understanding any form of Vedic literature What is Anglo-Welsh Literature and why Should Anyone Care? - Ceri Shaw is a former college lecturer from Cardiff, South Wales. Currently he attempts to make a living as a Web Designer and as a freelance writer on a range of topics including Literature. He is a regular contributor to Americymru.com. Ceri wrote this article about Anglo-Welsh literature and its exploration of the themes of… . These philosophies provide insight into the rich history surrounding these truths.
Despite their age, the ideas behind these historical philosophies remain advanced and have withstood the test of time. Their purpose is to establish truth and help people reach and understand these truths at the highest possible levels. These profound philosophies encourage individuals to examine life from a new perspective and potentially guide them towards a path of personal fulfillment.
In many historical philosophies, there are ancient terms that, although still in use today, have not been translated for those unfamiliar with these traditions or philosophies. One such phrase is, “Prana vyana samana apana udana.” A basic understanding of … ...Read the rest.
“Understanding Ancient Philosophy In Vedic Books”
by Manuel Marino | Philosophy
The genesis of strategy can be observed across various human pursuits, such as religion, creative arts, knowledge, and economy. At its core, strategy encompasses specific belief systems that shape the conditions and thoughts concerning life, growth, and death. Philosophers are often seen as intelligent visionaries and thinkers who, unfortunately, faced the tragedy of being labeled ‘eccentric’ or ‘ridiculous’ for their unique thought patterns during their lifetimes. Many philosophers went unappreciated while they were alive.
The genesis of strategy began with Roman and Greek philosophers around 600 BC. Philosophy evolved as people started to question their purpose in the world, giving rise to numerous schools of thought.
The Genesis of Philosophy: Theories
Significant philosophical theories encompassing the Genesis of Philosophy include:
- Rationalism: This theory asserts that humans are intellectual beings capable of questioning and analyzing various aspects of life. Parmenides, a Greek philosopher, is considered the first rationalist. Other notable rationalists include Plato, Descartes, and Locke. Rationalism involves establishing a premise and attempting to deduce it. Empiricists, who believed in the opposing school of thought known as empiricism, also emerged during this time.
- Skepticism: This approach involves continuous questioning and testing to acquire knowledge. The theory was first articulated
… ...Read the rest.
“The Genesis of Philosophy”
by Manuel Marino | Philosophy
Socrates, one of the three distinguished Athenian philosophers, was born in 469 BC in the Greek capital during the reign of Pericles, at a time when the Athenian empire was flourishing. Despite not being from an elite family, his father was a stone-carver, a skill that Socrates also developed and sometimes utilized. His mother worked as a midwife, tending to numerous women in Athens.
In his late forties, after the Peloponnesian War, Socrates began to contemplate deep questions about the nature of existence and the world around him. He posed rhetorical questions such as “what is beauty,” “what is wisdom,” and “what is the proper way to live.” He knew that these questions were difficult to answer and that there would be no conclusive response.
Initially, his approach was unconventional, wandering around the streets and squares of Athens and asking people who stopped to chat these meaningful questions. The responses he received were not much different from those that would be encountered today if we were to take a similar approach. People would ignore him, befriend him, and sometimes become angry and violent when his questions appeared irrational or confusing.
Over time, Socrates developed a group of … ...Read the rest.
“Philosophy of Socrates”
by Manuel Marino | Philosophy
Many cultures and moral philosophies have promoted the idea of selflessness, such as Auguste Comte’s ethical doctrine of altruism, while others have promoted the idea of selfishness, such as the ethical doctrine of Egoism and Ayn Rand’s Objectivism. However, I argue that the self-interestedness supported by pro-selfishness philosophers does not necessarily conflict with the kindness supported by pro-selflessness philosophers.
The apparent opposition between these two philosophical viewpoints arises from the confusing use of terminology. Firstly, the term “selfish” is often used by pro-selfishness philosophers to describe what I would call self-interestedness. Self-interestedness simply refers to acting in one’s own interests, including indirect interests, while selfishness is commonly associated with acting upon excessively greedy, uncompassionate, or narcissistic motivations. It is argued that all individuals are inherently self-interested, as a person desires and values what they want and value, which becomes their goals, and they make decisions in an attempt to fulfill those desires, values, and goals. Therefore, the label “selfish” is generally reserved for individuals whose interests are more greedy, uncompassionate, or narcissistic than others.
Secondly, the term “selfless” is used by pro-selflessness philosophers to describe what I would call kindness or compassion. The term “selflessness” implies that an allegedly “selfless” … ...Read the rest.
“Ethical Philosophy: Altruism and Selfishness”
by Manuel Marino | Philosophy
Hinayana is recognized as the orthodox school of Buddhism and considers itself to be the true adherent to the principles set forth by Gautama Buddha. It is the older of the two schools and its texts are written in Pali, a prevalent language in India that was also used by Gautama Buddha in his teachings. It is mainly found in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, and other regions.
On the other hand, Mahayana is considered the heterodox (non-orthodox) school of Buddhism and arose later than the Hinayana branch. Its texts are primarily written in Sanskrit, and it is found mainly in China, Japan, and much of the Western world.
The two branches differ fundamentally in their approach to metaphysics. Gautama Buddha was against metaphysical speculation and instead focused on preaching a path to overcome the suffering of mankind in the world. However, after his death, discussions arose about the metaphysical position and values of Buddhism, leading to the split into the two principal branches.
Hinayana follows Realistic Metaphysics/Ontology, which recognizes the existence of the world but maintains that the phenomena of the world have no true existence or independent ground of existence. According to this approach, the world lies … ...Read the rest.
“Buddhism – Hinayana (Theraveda) And Mahayana Branches of Buddhist Philosophy and Metaphysics”
by Manuel Marino | Philosophy
There are countless Eastern philosophies and religions that share similar inspirations and concepts. The origins of these inspirations can largely be traced back to Hinduism, which is considered to be the oldest recognized religion in the world. Hinduism originated in India, one of the oldest cultures in the world, from ancient texts called Vedas or the book of wisdom. These texts, such as ancient hymns and rituals, are considered by many to embody the essence of Hindu thought. As Hinduism spread eastward, various interpretations of its ideas evolved into other philosophies. As a result, philosophies such as Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, among others, share many cultural characteristics and ideas.
One key cultural feature that reveals the way that Easterners, and more specifically Hindus, think is haiku poetry. Haiku poetry is a form of thoughtful poetry that exalts nature, contrasts, and colors. Haikus typically consist of three lines and seventeen syllables, structured in a 5-7-5 pattern. These poems are meant to reflect a moment, impression, or sensation of the particular truth of nature. According to Bill Higginson, the main purpose of reading or writing haiku poems is to share moments from people’s lives that have moved us, experiences and
… ...Read the rest.
“Hinduism the Oldest Philosophy in the World”
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